Building new words from familiar parts — prefixes, suffixes, and switching between word classes.
Un-, re-, dis- and other prefixes that change a word's meaning.
-ful, -less, -tion and other suffixes that change a word's meaning or class.
Combining two words into one, like classroom or blackboard.
Turning a noun into an adjective, a verb into a noun, and so on.
Using the same word as different parts of speech with no change in form — like email as a noun or verb.