Conditionals

A2–C1

If-clauses for real, unreal and impossible situations — from everyday facts to imagined pasts.

Lessons in this category

If + present, present — facts and things that are always true.

If + present, will — real possibilities in the future.

If + past, would — unreal or unlikely situations in the present or future.

If + past perfect, would have — imagining a different past.

Unless, as long as, provided that — other ways to express a condition.

Mixing time frames — a past condition with a present result, or the reverse.